B1 Intermediate · 558 words · 4 min read

The Five Most Famous Board Games in the World, from Chess to Monopoly

Backgammon is about 5,000 years old, chess has 600 million players, and Monopoly is sold in more than 100 countries — these five classics conquered the planet

Most games stay close to home, but a small number of board games have crossed every border and are recognised almost everywhere on Earth. These five classics — chess, checkers, Monopoly, Scrabble and backgammon — are played in homes, schools, parks and cafés on every continent.

Chess is widely considered the greatest board game of all. It developed from an Indian game called chaturanga about 1,500 years ago and spread through Persia and Europe to the rest of the world. Two players command their armies of pieces across 64 squares, and international studies suggest that around 600 million adults play regularly. The queen is the most powerful piece on the board, and since chess apps and online play took off, a whole new generation has learned the game on their phones. The best players compete for the title of world champion, and top matches are watched online by millions.

Checkers, known as draughts in Britain, is far older than many people think — versions of the game were played in the ancient world thousands of years ago. Its simple rules, in which round pieces jump over one another to capture them, make it many children's very first strategy game, and it is played in almost every country under different names. A piece that reaches the far side of the board is crowned a "king" and gains the power to move backwards, which turns the endgame into a fast chase.

Monopoly is the best-known board game of the modern age. First sold in the United States in 1935, during the Great Depression, it lets players buy streets, build houses and hotels, and charge each other rent in play money. It is now sold in more than 100 countries, has appeared in hundreds of special editions, and famous city streets from London to Tokyo have their own versions of the board. The mix of trading, luck and slow victory means one game can take many hours — one reason the game is famous for testing family patience.

Scrabble turns language itself into a competition. Invented by an American architect in the 1930s, the crossword-style game asks players to build words from letter tiles, with rare letters earning higher scores. High-value letters such as Z and Q can change a game completely, and tournament players memorise thousands of short, unusual words to score on a crowded board. Around 150 million sets have been sold, world championships are held in several languages, and many English teachers use the game to build their students' vocabulary.

Backgammon is the oldest game on the list. Boards similar to backgammon were used in Mesopotamia, in the modern Middle East, about 5,000 years ago, which makes it one of the oldest games humans still play. It mixes luck and skill: players roll dice and race their fifteen pieces around the board while trying to block their opponent. Because the dice add chance to every race, a confident beginner can sometimes beat a champion, and old and young happily play together. From Istanbul to Cairo, it remains a beloved café game today.

Why did these five games conquer the world while thousands of others were forgotten? They share the same secret: rules that are simple enough to learn in minutes, but play that is deep enough to enjoy for a lifetime — no screen, battery or download required.

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