B1 Intermediate · 270 words · 2 min read

World-First Retina Transplant Restores Sight to Woman Blinded in Car Crash

Surgeons in Turin combined the working parts of the patient's two damaged eyes into one that can see.

A woman who was blinded in a road accident several years ago has regained her sight after surgeons in Turin, Italy, carried out what is believed to be the world's first transplant of a central retina.

The patient, 67-year-old Elena, had two damaged eyes that failed in opposite ways. In her left eye the optic nerve, which carries images from the eye to the brain, was completely severed, while the rest of the eye remained largely intact. In her right eye the nerve was undamaged, but the crash had destroyed the retina, the cornea and the tissue containing the eye's stem cells, making a normal corneal transplant impossible.

Ocular surgeon Professor Michele Reibaldi, of the Molinette Hospital, realised that between the two eyes there were enough healthy components to build one working eye. His team moved the macula — the small, light-sensitive region at the centre of the retina responsible for sharp, high-definition vision — together with the cornea and sclera from the left eye into the right. A macula had never been transplanted before.

The six-hour operation, which Reibaldi described as a "complicated marathon", required careful coordination between surgeons, anaesthetists and nursing staff. "This procedure represents a new frontier in ocular surgery," he said, according to Italian newspaper La Stampa. "Now we will wait and see how well the transplanted retina functions, though early signs are encouraging."

Follow-up checks have confirmed that the transplanted tissue has attached correctly and that Elena is regaining vision in her right eye. Reibaldi said the team's greatest reward was the moment Elena opened her eyes and recognised her son and her dog, Joe.

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